– Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome: – compression syndrome of the tibial nerve in the tarsal tunnel; – tarsal tunnel is formed by the flexor retinaculum behind and distal to the medial malleolus; – inciting causes: – lipoma, ganglia, or neoplasms within the tarsal tunnel; – an accessory flexor digitorum longus muscle is a common cause; – … Read more
– See: – Talar Tilt: Physical Exam – Tilt Measurement: – Mortise view: – line drawn parallel to articular surface of distal tibia; – second line drawn parallel to talar surface should be parallel to each other; – alternative method: … Read more
– Discussion: – talar instability is assessed w/ talar tilt test, in which angle formed by tibial plafond & talar dome is measured as inversion force is applied to hindfoot; – talar tilt test is useful for evaluation of a combined injury of both the anterior talofibular and the calcaneofibular ligaments. – isolated rupture of the … Read more
– Discussion: – congenital clubfoot is a structural foot deformity that is present at birth; – there is in utero malalignment of the talocalcaneal, talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints; – articular malalignments are fixed by contracted joint capsules, ligaments, and contracted foot and ankle tendons; – may be … Read more
– See: Tarsal Coalition – Discussion: – talocalcaneal coalitions are characteristically on medial side of sub-talar joint; – coalition tends to ossify between 12 and 15 years; – although coalition between calcaneus & talus may occur in any of three facets, middle facet is most commonly involved; … Read more
– See: Synthes Hybrid Fixator – Discussion and Initial Considerations – Operative Technique: – may be combined w/ circular wire fixators; – reduction: – in most cases, the fracture should be reduced prior to fixator application; – planning the configuration: … Read more
– Engaging the Nail Jig: – position the insertion block on to the proximal end of the nail; – position insertion handle onto insertion block so it will be medial to tibia for nail insertion and precise placement of proximal locking; – note that the proximal nail tip … Read more
– See: – Bursae of the knee: – Pigmented Villonodular synovitis – Discussion: – synovial cavity is deepest layer of joint capsule & it often has several embryological invaginations called plica that persist into adult life; – these may cuase anterior knee symptoms, – although synovium membrane is attached all around, above to articular margins … Read more
– See: – Ring characteristics – Safe Zone of Pin Insertion – Foot Inclusion – Wire Insertion Technique – Case Example: – 25 year old male who sustained a gun shot wound to the tibia which resulted in an arterial trifurcation injury; … Read more