Note: Low grade fever and mild otalgia can frequently persist for up to 48hrs following the initiation of antimicrobiol therapy; If during the treatment, the patient has severe pain, a marked febrile course, or bulging of the tympanic membranes, then change of anti- microbiol therapy is appropriate; Note: Ampicillin (Amoxicillin) is the single most useful … Read more
– Discussion: – osteopetrosis is failure of osteoclastic and chondroclastic resorption; – bones become exceedingly dense; – marrow space is filled w/ unresorbed dense bone; – disease results from lack of osteoclastic resorption, leading to thickened bones & exclusion of marrow cavity; – there is absence of marrow elements & these patients are susceptible to … Read more
– Discussion: – most common metabolic bone dz; – definition: – what appears to be a characteristic of osteoporosis is an uncoupling of the osteoblastic and osteoclastic processes; – WHO definition: a bone mineral density that is 2.5 SD below the mean peak value … Read more
– Discussion: – predisposing conditions: – open fracture (traumatic tibia infections) – sickle cell anemia – septic arthritis – in children, distinguishing between metaphyseal osteomyelitis and … Read more
– See: tibial infection and debridement of tibial fractures – Discussion: – see cierny classifcation – a sequestrum is infected dead bone resulting from osteomyelitis; – it is secluded from host immune system and is secluded from antibiotics; – result is a chronic and persistent of infection; … Read more
– See: – Anesthesia and Timing for Femoral Neck Fractures: – Anesthesia in the Spinal Cord Injured Patient: – Cardiac Orders / Meds: – Malignant Hyperthermia: – Risk Assessment: – Anesthetic Agents: – Lidocaine: … Read more
– See: General Orders – Effects on Musculoskeletal System: – see importance of glucose control in the surgical patient – diabetic foot pathology: – vascular pathology: – diabetic charcot foot and ankle: – neuropathic ulceration: – diabetic osteomyelitis – experimental evidence that suggests that gram positive bacteria thrive in hyperglycemic state and that gram negative … Read more
– Dosing: – usual dose is 200 mg to 400 mg q 12 hr; – 30-40% of drug will be excreted in to urine; – there is some evidence for higher tissue concentrations than seen with other antibiotics, and with a 800 mg dose the tissue concentrations are at … Read more
– Caloric Requirements – Composition of Elemental Diets – Enteral Formulas and Tube Feedings – Lipids Requirements – Pediatric Nutrition – Protein Requirements & Nitrogen Balance: – arginine – glutamine – Total Parental Nutrition Changes in Diet and … Read more
– Discussion: – non steroidals exert their actions by inhibiting isoforms of cyclo-oxygenase 1 and 2; – cox 1: expressed in the stomach and kidneys; – cox 2: – cox 2 receptor is not normally expressed in synovial tissue; – regulates inflammatory response and is responsible for disease symptoms; – Specific Agents: – Aspirin – … Read more