– Anterior Compartment Syndrome: – anterior compartment of leg is involved most often; – pain is often burning in nature which worsens with activity and completely subsides after 15 minutes of activity cessation; – diff dx: – tibial and fibular stress frx; – … Read more
– Discussion: – rare disorder characterized by short limb dwarfism, polydactyly, dysplasia of the fingernails and toenails, dental deficiencies, & congenital heart disease; – common in the Amish; – short limb disproportionate dwarves are characterized by acromesomelia, w/ the forearms, hands, legs, and feet involved to a greater extent than … Read more
– See: Patella and Patellofemoral Function – Discussion: – chondromalacia describes softening & fissuring of articular hyaline cartilage; – chondromalacia may result from an excessive load on patellofemoral joint, but disuse may be a contributing factor; – most common in yound women; – relationship between chondrosis & … Read more
– See: Knee Joint Menu – Discussion: – articular cartilage injury and potential for repair; – rotational forces in direct trauma is the most common cause of injury to the articular cartilage; – in adults, the tidemark zone is the weak link between the overlying cartilage and subchondral bone and therefore shearing injuries most often … Read more
– See: Bone Tumor Menu – Discussion: – age at presentation: – most common primary epiphyseal tumor in children is chondroblastoma; – most commonly arises between ages 10 to 30; – not infrequently, the tumor will also arise … Read more
– Discussion: (see cartilage menu) – chondrocytes occupy lacunae distributed through the matrix; – chondrocytes are spherical in deep portion, but are flattened toward the periphery of cartilage; – peripheral lacuna may house a single chondrocyte; – deeper lacunae may contain two or more … Read more
– See: Anesthesia Considerations and Timing – PreOp Management: – Etiology of Fracture: – arrhythmia: consider continuous monitoring – hypoxia – osteoporosis – pathologic hip fractures – seizure – stroke – … Read more
– See: diabetic foot menu – Diabetic Charcot Foot and Ankle: – originally described in the 1860s by the neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot; – may occur w or w/o neuropathic ulceration (mal perforant): – typically appears in 5th and 6th decades; – often occurs in the face of a relatively “normal vascular exam;” – neuropathic ulcerations are … Read more
– Discussion: – pattern of hip deformity in cerebral palsy depends on type and extent of neurologic impairment; – non progressive neuromuscular disorder w/ onset before 2 yr resulting from injury to the immature brain; – etiology includes: perinatal infections (TORCH), prematurity (most common), anoxic injuries, … Read more
– See: Addition of Antibiotics to Cement – Discussion: – full discussion of technique for cementing femoral stems – mixing under vacuum reduces retained air & incr cement strength; – typically 2 bags are needed; – slower mixing of cement over a shorter time decreases air voids within cement and … Read more