– Discussion: – a type of cyst which results from egress of fluid through a normal communication of a bursa (semimembranosus or medial gastrocnemius bursa) or may be caused by herniation of the synovial membrane through the joint capsule; – symptoms develope most often in bursa beneath the medial head of gastrocnemius … Read more
– See: – Internal Rotation of Knee Joint: – Rotation of Tibial Component: – Correct Rotation: – as a general rule, the tibial componenet should be aligned such that it points to the medial third of the tibial tubercle; – correct rotational positioning of tibial component is best achieved by by aligning intercondylar eminennce of … Read more
– See: Intercondylar Eminence Frx – Discussion: – avulsion frx of tibial tuberosity along w/ a Salter Harris type-III frx of proximal tibial physis; – need to distinguish tibial tubercle avulsion from Osgood-Schlatter disease (which has no physeal involvement); – where as Osgood Schlatter disease involves … Read more
– Discussion: – profiles the the patellofemoral joint; – points of consideration: – patellar tilt: – patellar subluxation: – sulcus angle: – for assessment of femoral dysplasia; … Read more
– Discussion: – local or Split compression frx have centrally depressed fragments; – AVN is diagnosed when serial X-ray show a gradual shrinking of the eleveated fragments until a defect remains; – surgically elevated articular fragments always are avascular; – fortunately most elevated frags regain vascularity before they … Read more
– Discussion: – demonstrates intra-articular extension of frx – degree of comminution of posterior facet; – calcaneocuboid joint; – impingement of lateral border of calcaneus on lateral malleolus and entrapment of tendons or nerves can be demonstrated; – latter is best seen … Read more
– Discussion: – the Coventry type of HTO, creates an osteotomy above the tibial tubercle; – in choosing a closing wedge osteotomy, the surgeon should be sure that the major deformity is on the tibial side (vs femoral side); – the disadvantages of this type of osteotomy include possible … Read more
– Discussion: – can reduce back and knee pain; – improved ability to sit for longer periods of time; – increased incidence of dislocation; – indications for conversion: – painful pseudarthrosis – pseudorthrosis rates … Read more
– Indications: – for undisplaced vertical, peripheral, comminuted, or even transverse frxs associated with 2 mm or less of step-off incongruity in articular surface, and/or less than 3 mm of fragment separation; – usually, the extensor mechanism is not totally disrupted at the time of such fractures; … Read more
– See: – Crankshaft Phenomenon: – Epiphysiodesis – Hemivertebrae: – Pathogenesis – Spine Development – Segmented Vertebrae: – Spina Bifida – Spondylosis – Unilateral Bar – Associated Malformations: … Read more