– Anatomy: – origin: ischial tuberosity w/ tendon of biceps femoris; – insertion: pes arserinus – action: – flexes and medially rotates the calf at the knee; extends, adducts and medially rotates the thigh at the hip; – reversed … Read more
– Anatomy: – origin: upper and lower aspect of ischial tuberosity: – insertion: posterior surface of medial condyle of the tibia; – action: flexes and medially rotates the calf at the knee. extends, adducts and medially rotates the thigh at the hip; … Read more
– Anatomy: – arises from lumbrosacral plexus: L4, L5, S1, S2, S3; – nerve emerges from pelvis below piriformis & enters thigh between ischial tuberosity & greater trochanter; – in 10% of patients, the sciatic nerve is separated in greater sciatic foramen by all or part of the piriformis; – sciatic nerve is … Read more
– Discussion: (Innervation of the Leg and Foot) – arises from femoral nerve in femoral triangle and descends through it on lateral side of the femoral vessels to enter the adductor canal. – it crosses the vessels obliquely to lie on their medial side in front of lower end of adductor magnus muscle; – nerve continues its … Read more
– Salter Harris Type II Fractures: – 80% of type II fractures can be managed non operatively; – displaced SH type-I or II frx are reduced closed w/ pt under GEA; – reduction is obtained mainly by traction rather than manipulation; – 90 … Read more
– General Considerations: – safe zones for pin insertion imply that pins will avoid major neurovascular structures; – besides avoiding neurovascular strucutures, it is important that pins be inserted in subcutaneous locations; – subcutaneous insertion avoids muscular impalment which decreases pain and increases function; … Read more
– Discussion: – has been standard for decades, and is still appropriate for general use, however, the multiaxis foot and energy storing foot are becoming more popular; – w/ BKA prosthesis if Sach foot heel cushion is too soft knee will be hyperextending during stance phase; – AKA prosthesis which has … Read more
– See: Extensor Mechanism Injuries of the Knee: – Discussion: – rupture of quadriceps tendons is most common in the 6th & 7th decades, and is probably associated w/decreased vasculature; – Male:female 8:1 – more common w/ cortisone injections, diabetes, chronic renal failure; hyperthyroidism, and gout; – … Read more
– Types of Injuries: – short leg syndrome: (see growth deformities of the limbs) – unequal leg lengths may predispose to injury in shorter leg; – trochanteric bursitis: – gluteus medius attaches by a broad insertion into its lateral … Read more