Hand
Transstyloid Perilunar Dislocation
– See: Trans-scaphoid Perilunar Dislocation – Discussion: – occurs as oblique frx through radial styloid, extending thru scapholunate ligament and around the lunate, through the triquetral attachments; – due to the radiocapitate ligament, the fractured styloid process migrates with the distal carpal row; – because styloid is held by radiolunate … Read more
Transverse and Oblique Retincular Ligament
– Transverse Retinacular Ligaments: – anatomy: – origin: edge of flexor tendon sheath at PIP; – insetion: lateral edges of conjoined lateral bands – function: – prevents excessive dorsal shift of the lateral bands when the PIP extends; … Read more
Transverse Carpal Ligament
– Discussion: – transverse carpal ligament, is a heavy band of fibers which runs between hamate & pisiform medially to scaphoid and trapezium laterally, and forms fibrous sheath which contains carpal tunnel anteriorly within fibro-osseous tunnel; – posteriorly, tunnel is bordered by carpal bones, and transports median nerve & finger flexor … Read more
Transient Brachial Plexopathy / Stinger / Burner
– Discussion: – upper trunk brachial plexus injuries are common football tackling injuries, which may be refered to as “stingers;”; – named for temporary sensation that radiates from the shoulder to the hand; – most often involves C5 and C6 nerve roots, which make up the upper trunk of the brachial plexus … Read more
Transient Phalangeal Osteolysis (Microgeodic Disease)
– Discussion: – condition which is associated with swelling, erythema, and pain in fingers; – the middle phalanx is affect most often (distal phalanx rarely involved); – most often affects children but can affect adults; – condition may be more common during the winter … Read more
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Glenoid Component
– Discussion: – operative considerations: hemiarthroplasty vs total shoulder arthroplasty – anatomy: – normal population, glenoid version: from 5 deg of anteversion to 15° of retroversion, with an avg preop retroversion range from 1 deg to 6 deg; – surgical goal of resurfacing is to place the glenoid in 0° … Read more
Toxic Shock Syndrome
– Discussion: – toxic shock is an acute febrile syndrome that was originally described in association with the use of highly absorbent tampons but is now recognized to occur as a postoperative complication of many different surgical procedures; – toxins produced by staphylococcus aureus (or streptococcus) are probably responsible for this syndrome; … Read more
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Deep Dissection
– Exposure of the Subscapularis: – the upper portion of the subscapularis tendon is exposed by partial release of the CA ligament off the coracoid, by placement of a Homan retractor directly above the coracoid, and by abduction and external rotation of the arm; – the upper portion of the … Read more
Torus Fracture / Platic Deformation
– Discussion: – torus is derived from Latin (tori) meaning a swelling or protuberance; – failure of cortex on compression side, 2-3 cm proximal to physis; – torus (buckle) frxs of distal metaphysis of radius & ulna is most common frx in lower forearm in young children; … Read more