Management of Respiratory Failure
– ABG – Bronchospasm – Clinical Conditions – Criteria for Intubation – Criteria for Extubation – COPD – Fat Embolism Syndrome – Inverse … Read more
cranio-facial
Management of the Spine Injured Patient
– See: – Exam for Spinal Cord Injury – Head Injury – Neuro Exam Menu – C-spine (initial care): – ensure that patient has adequate C-spine immobilization; – a standard backboard is unsuitable in children since it places the head into extension (pediatric … Read more
Management of Hypocalcemia
– Discussion: – physical properties – state in body fluids – physiologic roles of calcium are well established; – abnormally low concentrations of Ca permit spontaneous discharges of both sensory & motor fibers in peripheral nerves, leading to tetany; – w/ elevated levels, … Read more
Longus Colli
Anatomy origin: from bondies of the 5th, 6th, and 7th cervical and the 1st, 2nd and 3rd thoracic vertebrae, with the slips from transverse processes; insertion: it lies on the anterior surface of the vertebral bodies between C1 and T3; bodies of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th cervicals with slips to transverse processes; action: acting bilaterally, … Read more
Longus Capitis
origin: anterior tubercles of transverse processes of the 3rd to 6th cervical vertebrae; insertion: inferior surfaces of the basilar portion of the occipital. action: – acting bilaterally, flexes cervical vertebrae and head; – acting unilaterally, rotates and flexes cervical vertebrae and head to the same side; nerve supply: muscular branches of C1, C2, … Read more
Longissimus Capitis
origin: transverse processes of the 1st to 5th thoracic vertebrae and the articular processes of the 4th to 7th cervical vertebrae; insertion: the posterior margin of the mastoid process; action: acting bilaterally, extends and hyperextends head; acting unilaterally, flexes and rotates the head the same side; synergists: Semispinalis capitis , spinalis capitis, Longissimus Cervicis
Lateral of C-spine
– See: – Flexion and Extension Views: – Technique: – Upper Cervical Spine: – prevertebral soft tissues – occipital-atlanto-axial injury: – atlanto-occipital disassociation – C1-C2 interspinous space should not be greater … Read more
Lateral Compression Injuries
– See: Pelvic Fractures – Discussion: – most common form of pelvic fracture; – transverse frx of pubic rami & ipsilateral / contralateral to posterior injury; – LC injuries are described by both their anterior and posterior pathology; – pelvic ring implodes or collapses, & one side rotates … Read more
Lab Studies for Multiple Myeloma
– Studies: – sed rate: is usually > 100 mm per hour; – serum electrophoresis: – finding of abnormal protein peak migrating w/ IgA or IgG fraction is diagnostic; – an protein migrating w/ IgG or IgA bond in … Read more
Jugular Veins, Internal: Central Approach
– See: SG cath – Technique: – prepare the patient as for subclavian approach; – right side of the neck is preferred for venipuncture for three reasons: – dome of the right lung and pleura is lower than left; – there … Read more