– Stage I: – edema and hemorrhage: – reversible lesion usually seen in the second and third decade; – exam: – palpable tenderness over the greater tuberosity at supraspinitus insertion – palpalble tenderness along the anterior edge of the acromion; … Read more
– Discussion: – inflammation causes tenosynovitis and elongation; – hindfoot remains supple and is reducible; – pt has flexible flat foot, & w/ removal of weight, foot resumes its normal arch; – it is essential to distinguish the supple type II lesion from the type III lesion … Read more
– See: rupture of tibialis posterior – Dicussion: – tendinitis is present but tendon remains at its normal length; – in a young patient consider accessory navicular; – Non Operative Treatment: – arch supports, rubber-soled shoe w/ quarter-inch medial heel, sole wedge, UCBL; – immobilization in a … Read more
– See: Anti-Fungal Agents – Discussion: – is a fungus that may be introduced into the extremity thru abrasions caused by splinters or thorns (rose bushes); – incubation period is 1-12 weeks; – may start as a red papular lesion and then develops into an abscess and spreads to … Read more
– Discussion: – impingement syndrome describes pain in subacromial space when the humerus is elevated or internally rotated; – during humeral flexion, the supraspinatus tendon and bursa become entrapped between the anteroinferior corner of the acromion (and CA ligament) and the greater tuberosity; – this syndrome is thought to precipitate attritional changes in the rotator … Read more
– Rotator Interval Capsule: – rotator interval is a triangular portion of shoulder capsule which lies between the supraspinatus and subscapularis tendons; – capsular anatomy: (Static Stabilizers / Capsule of the Shoulder) – interval capsule is reinforced by the superior glenohumeral and coracohumeral ligaments; – references: – Capsular ligaments … Read more
– Discussion: – w/ in joint capsule, variable ligs (superior, middle, & IGHL), are primary components of static restraint in glenohumeral joint. – glenoid version: – Biomechanical Evaluation of Glenoid Version and Dislocation Direction on the Influence of Anterior Shoulder Instability and Development of Hill-Sachs Lesions – Scapulohumeral Ligaments: (5 … Read more
– Anterior Portal: – anterior portal is usually used for introduction of instruments; – this portal is placed under arthroscopic visualization from the posterior portal; – the needle is placed halfway between the AC joint and the lateral aspect of the coracoid; – this … Read more
– Discussion: – may be indicated for shoulder instability; – in the report by Greis PE, et al, the authors evaluated 4 cases in which axillary nerve injury which was observed after radiofrequency capsular shrinkage of the shoulder; – authors conclude that injury to the … Read more
– Discussion: – normally no communication exists between the shoulder joint and the subacromial bursae; – when radiopaque dye is injected into the shoulder and is subsequently demonstrated in the subacromial bursa, a rotator cuff tear is present; – Indications: – for dx of complete rotator cuff tears, adhesive capsulitis, … Read more