The Hip - book

Volar Barton’s Fractures

    – Discussion:     – characterized by frx of volar margin of the carpal surface of the radius which is associated w/ subluxation of radiocarpal joint;            – similar to Smith’s type III;     – comminuted frx of distal radius may involve either anterior or posterior cortex and … Read more

Vitamin-D Deficient Rickets

– See: Rickets: – Discussion:     – this is the classic form of the disease;     – it usually results from a deficiency in dietary intake of vitamin D, often coupled with inadequate exposure to sunlight;     – reduced vitamin-D intake causes a diminution in the absorption of calcium from the GI … Read more

Visoelastic Materials

– Discussion:     – exhibit stress / strain behavior that is time-rate dependent, and varies w/ the material, that is a function of the material’s internal friction;     – visoelastic materials are stiffer and stronger at high strain rates than at low strain rates;            – for example in bone-ligament … Read more

Vitallium

– See: Characteristics of Metals and Implants: – Discussion:     – more resistant to corrosion than stainless steel;     – mechanically inferior to stainless steele and much more difficult and expensive to cast;     – has low duchtility, & screws made of this material bond quite securely to bone;     – … Read more

Vit D: Discussion

– Discussion:     – see: abnormalities associated with vitamin D.     – primary function of vitamin D is to maintain skeletal calcium homeostasis;           – promotes gut absorption of calcium (and absorption of phosphorous);           – promotes bone absorption;           – important for … Read more

Vit D Dependent Rickets

– See: Rickets: – Type-I vitamin-D-dependent rickets or osteomalacia:     – failure of conversion of 25-hydroxyvit D to 1,25-dihydroxyvit D is the cause of this disorder;     – defect is not clearly understood but may be a deficiency or an abnormality of the renal 1-hydroxyvitamin-D-25-hydrolase, believed             necessary for the conversion of 1-hydroxyvitamin D … Read more

Vertebral Column Development

– Discussion:     – at 2-4th week of development, sclerotome cells arising from paired somites migrate medially & meet in midline around notochord;            – these sclerotome cells separate the notocord from neural tube dorsally and from gut ventrally;     – paraxial mesoderm becomes segmented into four cranial and … Read more

Vertebral Osteomyelitis

– See:        – Diskitis        – Gun Shot Wounds to the Spine        – Tuberculous Spondylitis – Discussion:     – in adults, lumbar infections may often originate from urinary tract infections which drain thru Batson’s venous plexus;           – respiratory system is also … Read more

Vibrio vulnificus

– Discussion:     – gram-negative facultative coccobacillus     – vibrios are among the most common organisms found in waters in US and around the world;             – in the US these infections occur mainly on the gulf coast and southern atlantic seaboard;     – these organisms tend … Read more