- See:
-
Diskitis
-
Herniated Disc in the Adult: (discussion and evaluation)
-
Herniated Disc in the Child:
- Structure:
-
Annulus fibrosus:
-
Cartilagenous End Plate:
-
Nucleus pulposus:
- Cervical Spine:
- see
cervical disc herniation:
- in cervical region, discs are thicker anteriorly than posteriorly,
circumstance contributing to the usual cervical curvature;
- transverse diameter is sl < that of their associated vertebral bodies;
- consequently, lower edge of one vertebra almost overlaps upper
edge of the next, esp posterolaterally;
- Thoracic Spine:
- in thoracic region, each disc is almost uniform in height, & thoracic curvature is
due primarily to shapes of the vertebral bodies;
- discs in lower thoracic region are distinctly thicker than those in upper region, circumstance
that could account for greater mobility of lower thoracic vertebral column;
- Lumbar Spine:
- in lumbar region, discs are thicker anteriorly than posteriorly, maximally so in 5th disc,
which contributes to lumbosacral angle;
- the L4-L5 disc is the largest and therefore the most avascular intervertebral disc;
- normal curvature of lumbar column is due in part to uneven thickness of discs, & in part to
shapes of vertebral bodies;
-
low back pain:
- radiographic studies:
-
MRI of disc herniation:
-
myelograms:
-
radiographs of the lumbar spine:
- specific conditions:
-
annular tear
-
discogenic pain
-
lumbar disc herniation: (discussion and evaluation)
-
diskectomy:
Proteoglycans of human infant intervertebral disc. Electron microscopic and biochemical studies.
Age changes in lumbar vertebrae and intervertebral discs.
Postdecompression lumbar instability.
Loads on the lumbar spine. Validation of a biomechanical analysis by measurements of intradiscal pressures and myoelectric signals.
Design of an intervertebral disc prosthesis.
The conservative treatment of sciatica.
Bell GR, Rothman RH:
Spine 1984;9:54-56.
Disc pressure measurements.
1991 Volvo Award in basic sciences. Collagen types around the cells of the intervertebral disc and cartilage end plate: an immunolocalization study.
Ingrowth of blood vessels in disc degeneration. Angiographic and histological studies of cadaveric spines.
How many days of bed rest for acute low back pain.
Deyo RA et al.
A randomized clinical trial.
N Engl J Med 1986;315:1064-1070.
Back pain and sciatica.
Frymoyer JW: N Engl J Med 1988;318:291-300.
Facet joint injection in low back pain: A prospective statistical study.
Jackson RP, Jacobs RR, Montesano PX: Spine 1988;13:966-971.
The facet joint and its role in spine pain: Management with facet joint injections.
Lippit AB:
Spine 1984;9:746-750.
Intervertebral disc space inflammation in children.
Spiegel PG et al. J Bone Joint Surg 1972;54A:284-296.
Metaplastic proliferative fibrocartilage as an alternative concept to herniated intervertebral disk.
Lipson SJ:
Spine 1988;13:1055-1060.
