Frontal Pins for Halo Fixator

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- Technique:
    - centered in groove at upper margin of eyebrows, between supraciliary ridge and the frontal prominences;
    - saggitally, fromt pins should be placed just superiorly to outer half of eyebrows, to avoid the supraorbital nerve and vessels;
            - placed too inferiorly, the pins might encroch on the orbit;
    - they should be placed as close to midline of eyebrow as possible, as thickest mass of bone is central;
            - placed too medially, however, the pins might encroach on the frontal sinus;
    - some surgeons place the pins lateral to the eyebrows under hairline, to avoid scarring;
            - this position may cause 3 problems
            - since pins penetrates temporalis muscle, chewing may be uncomfortable;
            - temporal bone is thin in this area & pentration or loosening may occur;
            - since posterior pins are placed opposite anterior pins, this lateral position causes posterior pins to be
                    very close to the anterior pins, and mult-plane stability is decrease;

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