Custom titanium plating for failed nonunion or delayed internal

---

fixation of femoral fractures. Johnson-EE Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles. Clin-Orthop. 1988 Sep(234): 195-203 Eight patients with either failed internal fixation of nonunions of the femur (six) or delayed treatment of extensively comminuted femoral fractures (two) were treated with customized titanium plates for internal fixation. All eight patients had fixation problems that surpassed treatment by intramedullary nailing or standard plate osteosynthesis. Custom titanium plates were individually designed from roentgenograms and/or computed axial tomographic (CAT) scans. Plate dimensions were altered to increase strength, height, length, and placement of screw holes to enhance stabilization of the individual femoral anatomy. At an average follow-up period of 33 months, all fractures united; there were no complications, including fatigue or loosening of the custom implants. The implants were well tolerated and provided excellent fixation of difficult fracture problems.